Performance of Ipo - 11029 Words

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Towards the fulfillment of project program, a study was conducted at Stock Holding Corporation of India Ltd., Bangalore. The corporate exposure learning program involved in the study of Investors Perception on IPO’s and to analyze the selected IPO’s in the year 2006. Among various modes of raising fresh capital, the equity issue started gaining momentum in India during early 1980’s. It reached the peak during early 1990’s. Many companies made public issue during the year 2006. These companies raised funds by placing a high premium on the issue. Today most of these companies are trading not up to the expectation. The main objective of this study is to know the perception of the investors investing†¦show more content†¦And this year could be a record-buster, according to market watchers. One reason is the Bombay Stock Exchange s benchmark Sensex Index, which delivered a nearly 50% return last year and is up about 2.2% so far in 2007. In all, some 150 companies will list this year and raise an estimated $10 billion, according to Delhi-based Prime Database, which tracks IPO activity. Encouraged by the general investor enthusiasm for new issues—not to mention an economy expected to hit a growth rate of almost 10% in 2007—more than 30 companies have already filed or received approval from the Securities and Exchange Board of India to raise $6.3 billion. Last year s IPO activity, even with a market crash in the Sensex in late spring, was extremely robust despite worries by some that the Indian stock rally had run its course. Yet when stock prices resumed their march upward later in the year,Show MoreRelatedThe Modern Private Equity Industry1195 Words   |  5 Pagesbust cycles in the stock markets since as early as the 1940s, (John Steele Gordon, 2012,Wall Street Journal), which led to a rise in institutionalisation of buy-out funds in early 1980’s (Cao and Lerner, 2009). Previous study on long-term stock performance of leverage buy-out backed firms primarily focused on a rather small subset of the leverage buy-out backed firms called as Reverse Leverage Buyouts (RLBOs). A RLBO is the Initial Public Offering of companies which were initially publicly tradedRead MoreIpo : Ipo Methods And Ipo Pricing Phenomena1477 Words   |  6 Pagespublic. This research paper tries to explain the IPO, IPO methods and IPO pricing phenomena. This study has collected all those IPOs which are listed at National Stock Exchange during the study period January 2014 to November 2015. This study focuses on the IPOs price performance whether it is overpriced or underpriced. The IPOs price performance has been calculated by the IPOs post listing data. This study evaluates the IPOs risk and return performance by using three different measures as Sharpe’sRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Issaquah Philharmonic Orchestra1558 Words   |  7 PagesOrchestra (or IPO in short) was founded in 2000, and became a non-profit organization in February 2012. IPO has been performing 3 public concerts annually since November 2003, and its mission is to provide opportunities for qualified musicians, both young and old, to perform music, and to raise the level of music education and enhance the performing arts in Issaquah (â€Å"Issaquah Philharmonic Orchestra,† n.d.). This paper analyzes the team effectiveness of the IPO board using a list of 10 performance measuresRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Issaquah Philharmonic Orchestra1546 Words   |  7 Pagesbecame a non-profit organization in February 2012. IPO has been performing 3 public concerts annually since November 2003, and its mission is to offer opportunities for qualified musicians, both young and old, to perform music, and to raise the level of music education and enhance the performing arts in Issaquah (â€Å"Issaquah Philharmonic Orchestra,† n.d.). This paper analyzes the team effectiveness of the IPO board using a list of 10 performance measures for evaluation, taken from various academicRead MoreFacebook Ipo Case Study1175 Words   |  5 PagesBackground Facebook’s IPO (Initial public offering) is one of the world’s largest initial stock offerings, raising $16 billion for the company. Facebook made its stock market debut on May 18 with an initial offering price of $38 per share, but closed at $38.23, a slight 0.61 per cent up (Associated Press, 2012). The typical big first-day pop in the share price seen in other technology companies’ IPOs that many investors had expected did not materialise. Instead, its stock price has tumbled sinceRead MoreBorrowing Aggressive And Finance Its Growth Against The Capital Invested By The Owners982 Words   |  4 Pagesovercome this situation when its debt load is relatively higher than its yearly income. Challenge 3: Share price reaction in the stock market to IPO under-pricing Nowadays, the prestige of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is clearly attracting a large number of Chinese companies. Commonly, firms such as Alibaba seek to launch initial public offers (IPO) in foreign markets raising the capital that the firm needs to expand its businesses across the globe. Nevertheless, to deal with stock market reactionsRead MoreIssaquah Philharmonic Orchestra (Ipo) Was Formed In 2000,1528 Words   |  7 PagesIssaquah Philharmonic Orchestra (IPO) was formed in 2000, and it became a non-profit organization in February 2012, with a board comprising of 9 members. The mission of the orchestra is to â€Å"to providing qualified youth and experienced adults from Issaquah and surrounding communities an opportunity to perform symphonic music; to foster music education in the community; and to contribute to the enhancement of the performing arts in Issaquah.† (â€Å"Issaquah Philharmonic Orchestra,† n.d.), and it performsRead MoreShared Leadership: The Hyde Piper Company Case Analysis1777 Words   |  7 Pagesalternative to preparing for the IPO, manifested in the push towards shared knowledge and the creation of high-performance work teams. 2. The business problem and its significance The business problem is represented by the need for the Hyde Piper company to prepare for its initial public offering. This endeavor would be completed in a context in which the firm does not depend on the investors money to continue its operations. Another important challenge of the IPO is represented by the negativeRead MoreJet Blue Ipo Advanced Corporate Finance1654 Words   |  7 PagesCase Study #28: Jet Blue Airways IPO Valuation. Brendan Sookraj Webster University FINC 5880 Summer 2013 June 27, 2013 Author Note Certificate of Authorship: This paper was prepared by me for this specific course and is not a result of plagiarism or self-plagiarism. I have cited all sources from which I used data, ideas, or words either quoted or paraphrased. Date : __________________________Read MoreFeasibility Report On Ipos, And The Process Of Buying An Ipo1446 Words   |  6 PagesI compile, through various mediums, information regarding initial public offerings, or IPO’s. The report includes areas such as defining an IPO, the performance of IPO’s, the current market for IPO’s, and the process of buying an IPO. Therefore, the feasibility report is directed at the retail or non-professional investor who may be engaged in purchasing IPO’s. I look to determine if the underlying facts create certainty that these instruments are profitable currently and in the long run. It appears

Analysis Of Gold Gym s Newest Advertisement - 1077 Words

The choice to purchase a certain product is the consumer’s decision, however the way the product is marketed is in the hands of the producer. A buyer must be attracted to a product and advertisements is an ideal way to make it seem appealing. In today’s society things and people are ever changing. For an advertisement to be successful, it must target the important times of the society while still sharing a certain message. The clever idea to target the favored part of the population is a strategy that advertisements often use. Not only is the prized part of society considered when making an advertisement, but the overall problems in society can also spark a lively matter into the art of advertisements. In Gold Gym’s newest advertisement we are shown the incorrect way to appeal to an audience. Instead of Golden Gym’s newest advertisement being appealing one could find it controversial with many underlying issues. In this mainly white canvas advertisement th ere is a green pear with the words, â€Å"THIS IS NO SHAPE FOR A GIRL,† in black writing centered to its right. The image of the pear takes up an abundance of the space which attracts the viewer’s attention to this element before reading the words. . The capitalization of all the words alludes its message is certainly important and deserving of recognition. This article makes it message clear, however the message itself is not an appealing aspect to the buyer. Although, Golden Gym’s advertisement does not include many elementsShow MoreRelatedMarketing Analysis : Nikes The Modern Girl Of Sport And Fitness 1604 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Coined the â€Å"Modern Girl of Sport and Fitness,† one of Nike’s increasingly profitable and rapidly growing consumer markets is young adult females who wish to be comfortable and fashionable at both the gym and in their daily lives. This consumer base has also been characterized by the term â€Å"athleisure† – a combination of an athletic look with a comfortable and fashionable feel. This market continues to grow, with approximately â€Å"46 percent of women between the ages of 19 and 34† becomingRead MoreGolds Gym Expansion to Asia11068 Words   |  45 PagesGOLD’S GYM – PROPOSED EXPANSION TO ASIA Table of contents Page 1. Background of the company _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 04 2. PESTLS analysis and SWOT/5 Forces Analysis _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 05 3. Factor score analysis _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 4. Analysis of the cultures _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 5. Analysis of the market environment _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 6. Analysis of theRead MoreNike Intergrated Marketing Communication Plan3554 Words   |  15 PagesNike Running Shoes I. 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INTRODUCTION 1.1. BRIEF ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRY 1.2. BRIEF DEFINITON OF INDUSTRY 1.2.1.TRENDS IN THE INDUSTRY 1.2.2.MARKET ANALYSIS 1.2.3.MAJOR PLAYERS AND MARKET SHARES 1.3. MAJOR FORCES SHAPING THE INDUSTRY 1.3Read MoreBusiness Journalism in India26104 Words   |  105 Pagesimportant than ever for business journalists to pull it all together, to provide the insight and understanding in the best days, the wisdom, that will be necessary. The world doesn’t need more information. It needs more understanding, more insight, more analysis. What is the Finance Commission? 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Measurement of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod) Free Essays

Title: Laboratory 2: Measurement of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Objective To determine the amount of oxygen necessary for biological oxidation of wastewater effluent and determine the amount of oxygen required by bacteria while stabilizing decomposable organic matter. Methodology Apparatus ; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) meter, Dissolved Oxygen bottle (DO bottle), pipette, Teflon tape, dilution water, incubator machine. Procedure; Add 300 ml dilute water then take DO reading immediately Closed properly and keep into the incubator (200C). We will write a custom essay sample on Measurement of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod) or any similar topic only for you Order Now Take reading for the next 5 days Add 3 ml dilute water and fill up with dilute water until 300ml then take DO reading immediately Figure 1 Precaution Samples for BOD analysis may change greatly during handling and storage. Testing should be started as quickly as possible. To reduce the changes in those samples which must be held, keep the samples at or below 4 °C. Do not allow samples to freeze. Samples may be kept for no more than 48 hours before beginning the BOD test. Students assign to prevent interference from chlorine. Because chlorine is such a strong oxidizing agent, it will inhibit the growth of living bacteria in the BOD test. Any samples containing residual chlorine must be pretreated to remove chlorine before the test is run. This is done by adding sodium sulfite to the sample. Samples with extreme pH values and samples containing disinfectants such as residual chlorine must be treated prior to testing. Caustic alkalinity or acidity can prevent bacteria from growing during the course of the BOD test. To prevent this, samples which have pH values higher than pH 8. 0 or lower than pH 6. 0 must be neutralized to pH 7. 0 before the test is performed. Result 1) 3 ml sample Group| Sample| Result| First day (1st)| Fifth day (5th)|   |   |   | DO| Temp| DO| Temp| | | | (mg/l)| (0C)| (mg/l)| (0C)| 1| Blank| 1st| 9. 20| 25. 8| 9. 26| 20. 3| | | 2nd| 9. 16| 25. 8| 9. 30| 20. 4| | | 3rd| 9. 13| 25. 8| 9. 31| 20. 5| | | Mean| | 25. 8| | 20. 4| | Waste Water| 1st| 9. 24| 26. 2| 8. 73| 20. 5| | | 2nd| 9. 12| 26. 2| 8. 77| 20. 6| | | 3rd| 9. 10| 26. 2| 8. 79| 20. 7| | | Mean| | 26. 2| | 20. 6| 4| Blank| 1st| 9. 14| 25. 9| 9. 04| 20. 5| | | 2nd| 9. 16| 26| 9. 02| 20. 5| | | 3rd| 9. 15| 26| 9. 01| 20. 5| | | Mean| | 25. 97| | 20. 5| | Waste Water| 1st| 9. 08| 26. 2| 8. 31| 20. | | | 2nd| 9. 05| 26. 3| 8. 34| 20. 7| | | 3rd| 9. 02| 26. 4| 8. 35| 20. 8| | | Mean| | 26. 3| | 20. 73| 5| Blank| 1st| 9. 10| 25| 8. 86| 20. 5| | | 2nd| 9. 11| 25| 8. 88| 20. 5| | | 3rd| 9. 10| 25| 8. 86| 20. 5| | | Mean| | 25| | 20. 5| | Waste Water| 1st| 9. 10| 25| 7. 82| 20. 5| | | 2nd| 9. 11| 25| 7. 82| 20. 5| | | 3rd| 9. 11| 25| 7. 84| 20. 5| | | Mean| | 25| | 20. 5| The BOD of th e sample can be calculates using the equations provided in the following First Equation is provided by the standard method BOD5= mgL= D1 – D2P Second Equation is BOD5= mgL= D1 – D2 -B1 – B2 P Where; D1 : DO of the diluted sample immediately after preparation, mg/L D2 : DO of the diluted sample after 5-day incubation at 200c, mg/L B1 : DO of the control before incubation B2 : DO of the control after incubation P : fraction of the wastewater sample volume to total combined volume Group| Sample| First day (1st)| Fifth day (5th)| BOD5| BOD5| | | DO| Temp| DO| Temp| (mg/l)| (mg/l)| | | (mg/l)| (0C)| (mg/l)| (0C)| (1st Equation)| (2ndEquation)| 1| Blank| 9. 16| 25. 8| 9. 29| 20. 4|   | 52| | Waste Water| 9. 15| 26. 2| 8. 76| 20. 6| 39| | 4| Blank| 9. 15| 25. 97| 9. 02| 20. 5|   | 59| | Waste Water| 9. 05| 26. 3| 8. 33| 20. 73| 72| | | Blank| 9. 1| 25| 8. 87| 20. 5|   | 105| | Waste Water| 9. 11| 25| 7. 83| 20. 5| 128| | Discussion From the equation, the result are totally different, it is because second (2nd) equation actually are specialist for seeded sample. Since that, it does not suitable and can’t be used to calculate the BOD level. BOD test is a biological test; dep endent on the actions of the microorganisms found in the wastewater and, as such, is subject to a number of variations. These variations can be caused by a number of factors, including changes in temperature, weather, composition of incoming sewage, in plant operations, and sampling points. Results can vary widely from day to day, or even hour to hour. . Form the result we found that the the BOD level in group 5 is 128mg/L, Group 4 72mg/L is quiet higher rather than Group 1 39mg/L. When BOD levels are high, dissolved oxygen (DO) levels decrease because the oxygen that is available in the water is being consumed by the bacteria. Since less dissolved oxygen is available in the water, fish and other aquatic organisms may not survive. If referred to the IWK website, BOD5 at 200C is 20mg/L for standard A and 50mg/L for standard B. Its mean only sample from group 1 is under control and can be entitled as clean. High level of result from group 4 and 5 may resulted by the input of nitrates and phosphate. Nitrates and phosphates in a body of water can contribute to high BOD levels. Nitrates and phosphates are plant nutrients and can cause plant life and algae to grow quickly. When plants grow quickly, they also die quickly. This contributes to the organic waste in the water, which is then decomposed by bacteria. One of the major disadvantages of the BOD test is the time lag between the collection of samples and the final calculation of results. This makes the BOD test a poor test for determining whether or not operational changes are needed. In addition, the rate and degree that organic matter in wastewater is decomposed (or oxidized) by the normal bacteria present in a sample is largely dependent on the characteristics of the organic matter. For example, some organic matter (like sugars or starches) are oxidized very easily and rapidly, and will almost always result in measurable â€Å"BOD†. Other organic matter, however, is sometimes resistant to biological oxidation, and may require special â€Å"acclimated† bacteria to oxidize the material and to show a â€Å"BOD†. Although this is what actually happens in nature, it causes significant variation in BOD results from sample to sample. Conclusion, high; level of BOD reflects to the DO which it will be decrease. Which is mean the water quality if poor. References Unknown. (n. d. ). Indah Water. Retrieved from http://www. iwk. com. my/v/knowledge-arena/effluent-standards Unknown, A. (n. d. ). Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) – Overview. Retrieved from Polyseed. com: http://www. polyseed. com/misc/BODforwebsite. pdf How to cite Measurement of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod), Essay examples

John Donne Poetry Analysis free essay sample

John Donne Poetry Essay The metaphysical poets were segregated in the seventeenth century to form a new and distinct style of poetry that employed immaculate wit, complex metaphors and luminous imagery. John Donne’s poetry is no exception to the form and thematic volume of the metaphysicals. Donne explores ideas in a manner which some readers find confronting and enlightening through relentless use of metaphysical conceits and his direct address to an individual or god. Donne confronts and enlightens seventeenth century readers with his elaborate perspective on love and his perception of death. Although these are two dissimilar subjects, they are interwoven in many of Donne’s poems which includes, ‘A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,’ ‘The Flea,’ and ‘Death be not proud. ’ However, these poems also describe themes that are both enlightening and confronting in the contemporary context. The theme of love in Donne poetry is developed around two different strands. This incudes the sexual or covetousness nature and the spiritual and holy nature. Donne explores both these ideas in ‘A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning’ and ‘The Flea. ’ Donne labels love as a spiritual and sacred element that is eminent during life and after it in ‘A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning’. ‘So let us melt, and make no noise, No tear floods, nor sigh-tempests move; were profanation of our joys to tell the laity of our love. ’ The ‘laity’ describes the collective Christian believers and delivers an allusion to the religious significance of the love present between the persona and their lover. The ‘melting’ of the lovers describes the change of state that is a direct allusion to the death or separation between the lovers and/or their souls. This comparison to death conveys the holy and spiritual elevation of the love shared in the poem as the heavenly and non-living spirits are strongly valued by the Christian religion and by seventeenth century readers due to their deep connection to faith and religious conviction. The persona’s separation to his lover is compared to death again in the opening lines, ‘as virtuous men pass mildly away, and whisper to their souls to go. ’ Similarly to the way in which ‘virtuous men’ pass away the persona wishes for their eparation to be absent of ‘tear floods, nor sigh-tempests. ’ Donne encapsulates this holy representation of love through the connection of the lover’s souls. ‘Our two souls therefore, which are one, though I must go, endure not yet a breach, but an expansion. ’ The connection between the souls of the lover’s portrays the idealistic representation of pure love and is an enlightenment component in the poem as it strongly composes a holy connection between man and woman that is developed beyond the physicality of their relationship. Even death cannot intervene and separate the lovers because when the soul is separated from the body it acts as the vessel of love. This is illustrated in the opening lines of the poem, ‘and whisper to their souls to go, whilst some of their sad friends do say, the breath goes now†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Instead of complete separation, the persona and his lover are connected by there souls, ‘our two souls therefore, which are one†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ The mixing of the souls is suggested by Donne’s metaphoric conceit of the similarities between the soul and liquid. Donne makes use of this metaphor to describe the soul as something that can be ‘melted,’ however, unlike liquids the soul does not make any noise when it is moved, ‘nor sigh tempests move,’ and is something more direct than liquid, such as direct a direct sublimation into vapour form. The mixing of two liquids such as oil and water infers the connection between the souls of the lovers; although they have not become one at the highest elemental form they cannot be completely separated. The hyperbolic statements in ‘A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,’ expresses the magnitude of the lovers relationship through comparison between them and the celestial spheres. During the sixteenth and seventeenth century, there was limited accuracy into the knowledge of astrology. It was universally approved that the earth was the centre of the universe and the ‘spheres’ or planets revolved around mankind. This theory is significant in ‘A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,’ as it emphasises the imminence between spiritual lovers. The ‘moving of the Earth,’ and ‘trepidation of spheres,’ reveals the dimension and driving force behind the awesome power of nature, virtually beyond human understanding and control. Donne explores this idea to describe two different events of gigantic proportion to display the cause of ‘harms and fears,’ or ‘innocence,’ which emphasises the idea of the silent mixing of the disjointed souls. If celestial spheres are capable of shaking with ‘innocence,’ the lovers may similarly impart their love in ‘silence,’ absent of turbulent and chaotic earthquakes. Donne condenses the magnitude of celestial spheres and earthquakes and likens their differences to the love shared between two bodies and two souls. Donne’s representation of love is enlightening as it elevates the subject of love through religious support and holy definitions. However, Donne’s metaphoric conceit of a compass displaying the bond between man and woman is confronting in the contemporary conte